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9621c9d1e9
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### Java读取串口数据测试
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package sample;
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import gnu.io.SerialPort;
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import javafx.fxml.FXML;
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import javafx.scene.control.Alert;
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import javafx.scene.control.Button;
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import javafx.scene.control.TextArea;
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import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
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import sample.utils.*;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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public class Controller {
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@FXML
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Button writeButton;
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@FXML
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TextArea readTextarea;
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@FXML
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TextArea writeTextarea;
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@FXML
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TextField comName;
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// 串口
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SerialPort port = null;
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/** 开启串口
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*
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*/
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@FXML
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public void startCom() {
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if(port != null){
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "串口已经打开:" + port.getName());
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alert.show();
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return;
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}
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ArrayList<String> findPorts = SerialTool.findPort();
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if(findPorts.isEmpty()){
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "未找到串口信息！");
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alert.show();
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return;
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}
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String portName = findPorts.get(0);//默认打开第一个串口
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// 设置使用的串口
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comName.setText(portName);
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try {
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port = SerialTool.openPort(portName, 9600);//打开串口
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} catch (RuntimeException e){
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR, e.getMessage());
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alert.show();
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return;
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}
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SerialTool.addListener(port, () -> {
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byte[] data = null;
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try {
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if (port == null) {
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System.out.println("串口对象为空，监听失败！");
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} else {
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// 读取串口数据
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data = SerialTool.readFromPort(port);
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String resultHEX = SerialTool.byteArrayToHexString(data);
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readTextarea.setText(resultHEX);
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}
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} catch (Exception e) {
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR, "发生了一个异常:".concat(e.getMessage()));
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alert.show();
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}
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});
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "串口开启成功！");
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alert.show();
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}
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/** 写入串口数据
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*
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*/
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@FXML
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public void writeCom() {
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if(port == null){
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "请先开启串口！");
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alert.show();
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return;
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}
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String content = writeTextarea.getText();
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if(content == null || content.trim().length() <=0){
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "请填写写入的数据！");
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alert.show();
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return;
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}
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//设定发送字符串
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byte[] bs = SerialTool.hex2Bytes(content);
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SerialTool.sendToPort(port, bs);//写入,写入应该在监听器打开之后而不是之前
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Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.CONFIRMATION, "写入成功！");
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alert.show();
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}
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}
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package sample;
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import javafx.application.Application;
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import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
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import javafx.scene.Parent;
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import javafx.scene.Scene;
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import javafx.stage.Stage;
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public class Main extends Application {
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@Override
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public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
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Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("sample.fxml"));
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primaryStage.setTitle("串口测试工具");
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primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 550, 360));
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primaryStage.show();
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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launch(args);
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}
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}
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
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<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
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<?import javafx.scene.control.TextArea?>
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<?import javafx.scene.control.TextField?>
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<?import javafx.scene.layout.ColumnConstraints?>
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<?import javafx.scene.layout.FlowPane?>
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<?import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane?>
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<?import javafx.scene.layout.RowConstraints?>
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<GridPane alignment="CENTER" hgap="10" vgap="10" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.171" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="sample.Controller">
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<columnConstraints>
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<ColumnConstraints />
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<ColumnConstraints />
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</columnConstraints>
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<rowConstraints>
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<RowConstraints />
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<RowConstraints />
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</rowConstraints>
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<children>
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<FlowPane columnHalignment="CENTER" nodeOrientation="LEFT_TO_RIGHT" orientation="VERTICAL" prefHeight="459.0" prefWidth="270.0">
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<children>
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<Button mnemonicParsing="false" onMouseClicked="#startCom" text="查找并开启串口通信" />
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<Label text="串口名称：" />
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<TextField fx:id="comName" promptText="COM" />
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<Label text="串口端口：" />
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<TextField promptText="9600" />
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<Label text="读取的串口数据：" />
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<TextArea fx:id="readTextarea" prefHeight="82.0" prefWidth="233.0" promptText="读取的串口数据" />
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<Label text="写入串口数据" />
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<TextArea fx:id="writeTextarea" prefHeight="55.0" prefWidth="233.0" promptText="待写入的串口数据" />
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<Button fx:id="writeButton" mnemonicParsing="false" onMouseClicked="#writeCom" text="写入串口数据" />
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</children>
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</FlowPane>
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</children>
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</GridPane>
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package sample.utils;
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import java.io.IOException;
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import java.io.InputStream;
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import java.io.OutputStream;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Enumeration;
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import java.util.Locale;
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import java.util.TooManyListenersException;
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import gnu.io.CommPort;
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import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier;
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import gnu.io.NoSuchPortException;
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import gnu.io.PortInUseException;
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import gnu.io.SerialPort;
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import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent;
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import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;
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import gnu.io.UnsupportedCommOperationException;
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public class SerialTool {
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/**
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* 查找所有可用端口
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* @return 可用端口名称列表
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*/
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public static final ArrayList<String> findPort() {
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//获得当前所有可用串口
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@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
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Enumeration<CommPortIdentifier> portList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();
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ArrayList<String> portNameList = new ArrayList<String>();
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//将可用串口名添加到List并返回该List
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while (portList.hasMoreElements()) {
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String portName = portList.nextElement().getName();
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portNameList.add(portName);
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}
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return portNameList;
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}
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/**
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* 打开串口
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* @param portName 端口名称
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* @param baudrate 波特率
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* @return 串口对象
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*/
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public static final SerialPort openPort(String portName, int baudrate) {
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try {
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//通过端口名识别端口
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CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(portName);
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//打开端口，并给端口名字和一个timeout（打开操作的超时时间）
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CommPort commPort = portIdentifier.open(portName, 2000);
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//判断是不是串口
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if (commPort instanceof SerialPort) {
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SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort;
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try {
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//设置一下串口的波特率等参数
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serialPort.setSerialPortParams(baudrate, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1, SerialPort.PARITY_NONE);
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} catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException e) {
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throw new RuntimeException("设置串口参数失败！打开串口操作未完成！");
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}
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System.out.println("Open " + portName + " successfully !");
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return serialPort;
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}
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else {
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//不是串口
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throw new RuntimeException("端口指向设备不是串口类型");
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}
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} catch (NoSuchPortException e1) {
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throw new RuntimeException("没有该端口对应的串口设备");
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} catch (PortInUseException e2) {
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throw new RuntimeException("端口已被占用");
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}
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}
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/**
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* 关闭串口
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* @param serialPort 待关闭的串口对象
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*/
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public static void closePort(SerialPort serialPort) {
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if (serialPort != null) {
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serialPort.close();
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serialPort = null;
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}
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}
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/**
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* 往串口发送数据
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* @param serialPort 串口对象
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* @param order 待发送数据
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*/
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public static void sendToPort(SerialPort serialPort, byte[] order) {
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try (OutputStream out = serialPort.getOutputStream()){
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out.write(order);
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out.flush();
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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/**
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* 从串口读取数据
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* @param serialPort 当前已建立连接的SerialPort对象
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* @return 读取到的数据
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*/
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public static byte[] readFromPort(SerialPort serialPort) {
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InputStream in = null;
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byte[] bytes = null;
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try {
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in = serialPort.getInputStream();
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int bufflenth = in.available(); //获取buffer里的数据长度
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while (bufflenth != 0) {
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bytes = new byte[bufflenth]; //初始化byte数组为buffer中数据的长度
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in.read(bytes);
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bufflenth = in.available();
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}
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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System.err.println("从串口读取数据时出错");
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} finally {
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try {
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if (in != null) {
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in.close();
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in = null;
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}
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} catch(IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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System.err.println("关闭串口对象输入流出错");
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}
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}
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System.out.println("读取成功");
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return bytes;
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}
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/**
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* 添加监听器
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* @param port 串口对象
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* @param listener 串口监听器
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*/
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public static void addListener(SerialPort port, DataAvailableListener listener){
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try {
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//给串口添加监听器
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port.addEventListener(new SerialPortListener(listener));
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//设置当有数据到达时唤醒监听接收线程
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port.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
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//设置当通信中断时唤醒中断线程
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port.notifyOnBreakInterrupt(true);
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} catch (TooManyListenersException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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System.err.println("监听类对象过多");
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}
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}
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/**
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* 串口监听
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*/
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public static class SerialPortListener implements SerialPortEventListener {
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private DataAvailableListener mDataAvailableListener;
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public SerialPortListener(DataAvailableListener mDataAvailableListener) {
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this.mDataAvailableListener = mDataAvailableListener;
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}
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public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent serialPortEvent) {
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switch (serialPortEvent.getEventType()) {
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case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE: // 1.串口存在有效数据
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if (mDataAvailableListener != null) {
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mDataAvailableListener.dataAvailable();
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}
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY: // 2.输出缓冲区已清空
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.CTS: // 3.清除待发送数据
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.DSR: // 4.待发送数据准备好了
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.RI: // 5.振铃指示
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.CD: // 6.载波检测
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.OE: // 7.溢位（溢出）错误
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.PE: // 8.奇偶校验错误
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.FE: // 9.帧错误
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break;
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case SerialPortEvent.BI: // 10.通讯中断
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System.out.println("与串口设备通讯中断");
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break;
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default:
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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/**
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* 串口存在有效数据监听
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*/
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public interface DataAvailableListener {
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/**
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* 串口存在有效数据
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*/
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void dataAvailable();
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}
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public static byte[] hex2Bytes(String hex) {
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if (hex == null || hex.length() == 0) {
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return null;
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}
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char[] hexChars = hex.toCharArray();
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byte[] bytes = new byte[hexChars.length / 2]; // 如果 hex 中的字符不是偶数个, 则忽略最后一个
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for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
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bytes[i] = (byte) Integer.parseInt("" + hexChars[i * 2] + hexChars[i * 2 + 1], 16);
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}
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return bytes;
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}
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/**
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* byte[]转十六进制字符串
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*
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* @param array
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* byte[]
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* @return 十六进制字符串
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*/
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public static String byteArrayToHexString(byte[] array) {
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if (array == null) {
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return "";
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}
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StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
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for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
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buffer.append(byteToHex(array[i]));
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}
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return buffer.toString();
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}
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/**
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* byte转十六进制字符
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*
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* @param b
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* byte
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* @return 十六进制字符
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*/
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public static String byteToHex(byte b) {
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String hex = Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF);
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if (hex.length() == 1) {
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hex = '0' + hex;
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}
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return hex.toUpperCase(Locale.getDefault());
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}
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public static String stringToAscii(String value)
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{
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StringBuffer sbu = new StringBuffer();
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char[] chars = value.toCharArray();
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for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
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if(i != chars.length - 1)
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{
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sbu.append((int)chars[i]).append(",");
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}
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else {
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sbu.append((int)chars[i]);
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}
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}
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return sbu.toString();
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}
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}
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